Effect of a nutraceutical combination on sleep quality among people with impaired sleep: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

In this randomised, placebo-controlled trial, adults with impaired sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ≥ 5) were randomly assigned using a minimization algorithm to receive a formulation containing L-theanine plus lemon balm, valerian, and saffron extracts, or placebo, during 6 weeks. Objective sleep quality parameters were measured using an actigraphy device. We enrolled and randomised 64 individuals, 31 from the active group and 27 from the placebo group completed the 6 week follow-up. Mean sleep efficiency remained unmodified in the active group, and increased by 3% in the placebo group, the between-group difference in the change was not statistically significant (p = 0.49). Total sleep time also improved more with placebo (13.0 vs. 1.33 min, p = 0.66). Time wake after sleep onset (WASO) decreased more in the active group (4.6% vs. 2.4%), but the difference was not significant (p = 0.33). Mean PSQI decreased by 3.11 points (32.3%) in the active group, and by 3.86 points (39.5%) in the placebo group (p = 0.41). SF-36 increased more with placebo (+ 18.3 in active, + 32.1 in placebo, p = 0.68). Salivary cortisol remained unchanged in both groups. No serious adverse events were reported. Among adults with impaired sleep, a nutraceutical combination did not improve objective or subjective sleep parameters more than a placebo infusion.

Alimentos autóctonos de las comunidades indígenas y afrodescendientes de Colombia / Foods native to indigenous and afro-descendents in Colombia

El objetivo de presente estudio fue conocer qué consumen las comunidades indígenas y poblaciones afrodescendientes en Colombia, ya que es importante para los programas sociales como los del Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF). En este trabajo se obtuvo información de alimentos autóctonos en comunidades indígenas y afrodescendientes de diez departamentos colombianos (Cauca, Nariño, Amazonas, Chocó, Guainía, Vichada, Magdalena, Guajira, Cesar, Vaupés). Se aplicó una ficha técnica donde se indagaba ubicación e información personal del encuestado, nombre y tipo del alimento, grupo que lo consume, clima en el que se produce, épocas de cosecha, forma de consumo, preparaciones, propiedades, producción actual, uso y ubicación. Se entrevistó grupos ó personas clave como madres comunitarias del ICBF, autoridades indígenas, docentes, médicos tradicionales, entre otros, bajo la supervisión de profesionales de la unidad móvil del ICBF en cada departamento y se obtuvo información bibliográfica (n=123 documentos). De los departamentos seleccionados se visitaron 13 ciudades y se encuestaron 139 personas donde se reportaron 92 nuevos alimentos entre carnes, vegetales y otros, referenciando como nuevo alimento aquel que no se encontrara en la Tabla de Composición de Alimentos Colombianos. De los 92 alimentos, se obtuvo el nombre científico para 62. De estos, 2 se catalogaron como otro, 18 como cárnicos, 3 como insectos y 39 como plantas repartidos en frutos (n=29), hojas (n=4), semilla (n=3) y raíces (n=3). Las comunidades afro-descendientes e indígenas colombianos reportan consumir decenas de alimentos que hoy en día no se encuentran en la Tabla de Composición de Alimentos Colombianos.

For social programs in Colombia, like those administered by the Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF), it’s important to know what native foods minority groups consume. This research obtained information on native foods consumed by indigenous and afro-descendents living in 10 Colombian departments: Cauca, Nariño, Amazonas, Chocó, Guainía, Vichada, Magdalena, Guajira, Cesar y Vaupés. A questionnaire was applied to key informants (individually or in groups), addressing the following topics: personal information on the informant, name and type of food, if consumed by indigenous and/or afro-Colombians, climate where produced, time of year when harvested, if consumed raw or cooked, preparations, properties ascribed to the food, and current production, use and availability. Key informants included participants in ICBF’s programs, indigenous authorities, teachers, traditional healers, and others, under the supervision of professionals from ICBF’s mobile unit in each department. Bibliography (n=123 documents) was compiled and reviewed. In the departments selected, 13 municipalities were visited, 139 individuals were interviewed and at least 92 new foods (i.e., not currently included in the Colombian Food Composition Table) were identified. Among the 92, the scientific name was obtained for 62 foods. Of these, 2 were classified as other, 18 as meats, 3 as insects, and 39 as plants. Among the plants, informants mentioned fruit (n=29), leaves (n=4), seed (n=3) and roots (n=3). Indigeneous and afro-descendent communities in Colombia report consuming dozens of foods that are not currently in the Colombian Food Composition Table.

[Foods native to indigenous and afro-descendents in Colombia]. / Alimentos autóctonos de las comunidades indígenas y afrodescendientes de Colombia.

For social programs in Colombia, like those administered by the Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF), it's important to know what native foods minority groups consume. This research obtained information on native foods consumed by indigenous and afro-descendents living in 10 Colombian departments: Cauca, Nariño, Amazonas, Chocó, Guainia, Vichada, Magdalena, Guajira, Cesar y Vaupés. A questionnaire was applied to key informants (individually or in groups), addressing the following topics: personal information on the informant, name and type of food, if consumed by indigenous and/or afro-Colombians, climate where produced, time of year when harvested, if consumed raw or cooked, preparations, properties ascribed to the food, and current production, use and availability. Key informants included participants in ICBF's programs, indigenous authorities, teachers, traditional healers, and others, under the supervision of professionals from ICBF's mobile unit in each department. Bibliography (n = 123 documents) was compiled and reviewed. In the departments selected, 13 municipalities were visited, 139 individuals were interviewed and at least 92 new foods (i.e., not currently included in the Colombian Food Composition Table) were identified. Among the 92, the scientific name was obtained for 62 foods. Of these, 2 were classified as other, 18 as meats, 3 as insects, and 39 as plants. Among the plants, informants mentioned fruit (n=29), leaves (n=4), seed (n=3) and roots (n=3). Indigenous and afro-descendent communities in Colombia report consuming dozens of foods that are not currently in the Colombian Food Composition Table.